The effect of political violence on citizens' rights in Makurdi, Benue State.
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Background of the Study:
Political violence, particularly during electoral periods, has been a persistent issue in Nigeria, undermining citizens' rights and threatening the stability of communities. Makurdi, the capital of Benue State, has experienced violent clashes and attacks during political campaigns, leading to widespread human rights violations. These incidents often involve the destruction of property, loss of lives, intimidation, and displacement of vulnerable populations (Ogbodo, 2023). Political violence has far-reaching implications on the fundamental rights of individuals, including their right to life, freedom of movement, and participation in democratic processes.
Benue State, a key political battleground, has witnessed escalations of political violence between rival parties and ethnic groups, leading to heightened insecurity in Makurdi. Political violence in this region not only violates the civil and political rights of citizens but also contributes to economic destabilization and societal divisions. These violations often go unpunished, which fosters a culture of impunity and continues to undermine citizens' trust in government institutions. This study seeks to examine the specific effects of political violence on the human rights of Makurdi's residents and identify factors that exacerbate the occurrence of such violence.
Statement of the Problem:
Political violence in Makurdi, Benue State, has led to severe violations of citizens' rights, including loss of life, property destruction, and displacement. Despite various efforts by the government to prevent political violence, its frequency and intensity remain a serious concern. The ongoing human rights violations have left citizens fearful and unable to freely engage in the political process. This study aims to assess the effect of political violence on citizens’ rights in Makurdi, with a focus on the impact on personal security, freedom of expression, and participation in political activities.
Objectives of the Study:
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To evaluate the impact of political violence on the rights of citizens in Makurdi, Benue State.
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To identify the key factors contributing to political violence in Makurdi.
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To propose strategies for mitigating political violence and safeguarding citizens' rights.
Research Questions:
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How has political violence in Makurdi affected the rights of citizens, particularly in terms of security and participation in political processes?
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What are the underlying causes of political violence in Makurdi, Benue State?
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What measures can be implemented to reduce political violence and protect citizens' rights in Makurdi?
Research Hypotheses:
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Political violence in Makurdi has led to significant violations of citizens' rights, including security threats and restrictions on political participation.
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Political violence in Makurdi is driven by factors such as ethnic rivalry, party conflicts, and inadequate security.
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Effective law enforcement and public awareness programs can reduce political violence and protect citizens' rights in Makurdi.
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
The study will focus on the effects of political violence on citizens' rights within Makurdi, Benue State, especially during electoral periods. Limitations include challenges in accessing political violence hotspots and potential reluctance of citizens to discuss sensitive political issues due to fear of retribution.
Definitions of Terms:
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Political Violence: Violence that arises from political conflicts, typically between political parties or ethnic groups, and often disrupts the social and political order.
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Citizens' Rights: The legal entitlements granted to individuals within a country, including the right to life, freedom of expression, and participation in governance.
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Electoral Violence: Violence that occurs in the context of elections, often aimed at intimidating voters, candidates, or political parties.
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